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Bachelor of Science vs. Arts: Which Degree Is Right for You?

When deciding to pursue a bachelor's degree program, one of the first choices students face is whether to pursue a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) or a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.).

While both degree types offer valuable education and opportunities, they differ in structure, focus and career paths. Choosing the right degree requires careful consideration of career goals, interests and the skills one wants to develop.

Both the B.S. and B.A. degrees can help offer pathways to rewarding careers. However, understanding the key differences between these two degrees can help students align their education with their long-term objectives.

What Is a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Degree?

A Bachelor of Science degree focuses on technical and scientific fields that require a practical, analytical approach.

Programs in this category emphasize quantitative skills, research and the application of scientific principles to solve real-world problems. B.S. degrees are often more structured, with specific course requirements that provide a strong foundation in technical knowledge.

Bachelor of Science degrees typically prioritize the scientific method, critical thinking, data analysis and practical applications of theoretical concepts. This focus prepares students to work in specialized fields that require technical expertise and problem-solving skills.

Common Majors Under a B.S. Degree

B.S. degrees typically encompass a variety of majors in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). Common majors include:

• Biology
• Engineering
• Political Science
• Computer Science
• Mathematics
• Health Science

These programs prepare students for careers in industries that rely on scientific knowledge and technological advancements.

For example, a computer science degree program may lead to a career in software development. In contrast, a biology degree program could be the first step toward a role in healthcare or research.

What Do You Learn in a Bachelor of Science Degree Program?

B.S. programs are designed to develop diverse technical and analytical skills that are highly valued in the job market. Key skills include:

• Analytical thinking
• Problem-solving
• Technical expertise

According to Dr. Jonathan McCombs, dean of the College of Health and Public Administration at ÂÜÀòµºapp, "The majority of B.S. programs concentrate on understanding the scientific method, technical skills, researching, analytics, technology and are more practical in nature." 

This practical focus often involves hands-on lab work, data interpretation and the use of specialized tools to solve complex problems.

What Is a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Degree?

A Bachelor of Arts focuses on the humanities, social sciences and creative disciplines, and emphasizes critical thinking, communication and cultural understanding. 

Unlike the more structured B.S. programs, B.A. degrees often provide students with greater flexibility to explore diverse subjects through elective courses.

B.A. degrees prioritize broad-based learning that prepares students for a broad range of careers. They encourage students to think critically about societal issues and develop skills in communication, analysis and collaboration.

Common Majors Under a B.A. Degree

B.A. degrees offer a wide range of majors, including:

• Psychology
• History
• English
• Sociology
• Fine and Liberal Arts

These programs provide versatility, allowing graduates to pursue careers in fields such as education, communications, public service and the arts. 

For example, a psychology major may work in counseling or social services, while a history major might pursue a career in education or museum curation.

What Do You Learn in a Bachelor of Arts Degree Program?

B.A. programs cultivate skills that are applicable across many different industries. Key skills include:

• Creativity
• Writing
• Critical analysis

Dr. McCombs reiterates this, saying that the B.A. often emphasizes creative outlets, critical thinking and group collaboration—practical skills highly valued in the job market. He also notes that, in addition to these skills, B.A. programs help students develop interpersonal skills and adaptability, which are valuable in roles that involve teamwork and communication.

 
Key Differences Between B.S. vs. B.A. Degrees

Dr. McCombs explains that there are some key ways in which these two undergraduate degrees differ.

"The Bachelor of Science degree is often aligned with more practical applications of fields that are scientific, research or STEM related. A Bachelor of Arts is more grounded in the liberal arts giving a broader range of studies that reflect social and relational dynamics of fields relative to the humanities, social sciences and the arts."

Let's examine what separates both programs to understand their scope fully and what differentiates them.

Curriculum Structure

One of the differentiators between a B.S. and a B.A. is the structure of the curriculum.

• B.S. Degree: Typically more structured, with mandatory lab work, technical courses and a focus on scientific and mathematical concepts.
• B.A. Degree: Generally more flexible, allowing students to explore a variety of subjects and pursue interdisciplinary studies through electives.

Both degree pathways take approximately 4-years to complete, compared to other credentials, such as certificates or associate degrees, which take less time to finish. A bachelor's degree curriculum also helps pave the way for students who may want to consider graduate school in the future.

Career Opportunities

Dr. McCombs notes that having a bachelor’s degree with the correct designation can help you thrive in jobs that require specific skill sets.

"Although students can often meet job qualifications or graduate studies entrance requirements with either a Bachelor of Science or a Bachelor of Arts, the B.S. degree would be more preparatory for STEM-focused advanced degree programs and more specific jobs. A Bachelor of Arts is a broader degree and thus can prepare students for a broader array of career opportunities or graduate studies but with a focus on the arts and humanities in particular."

Given this, a B.S. degree is often more applicable to careers in technology, healthcare, engineering and research. In contrast, a B.A. degree is more applicable to careers in education, communications, marketing and public service.

Which Bachelor's Degree Offers Higher Earning Potential?

The earning potential for graduates depends more on the field of study than the type of degree. 

Certain STEM careers associated with B.S. degrees, such as engineering or computer science, tend to offer higher starting salaries. 

However, with the right experience and skills, B.A. graduates in fields like marketing, public relations or management can also achieve high earning potential.

For example, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, earned a median annual pay of $99,700 in 2023, while earned a median annual pay of $98,580 in the same year.

B.S. vs. B.A. Degrees in Overlapping Fields: How to Choose?

Some fields—like education, communications and marketing—are offered as both Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts programs at different institutions. So, how do you decide which degree is right for you?

Here’s a breakdown to help prospective students make the right choice:

Choose a B.S. if you want a more practical, technical or specialized path.

B.S. degrees focus on technical skills, quantitative analysis and career-ready competencies. They're ideal for students who want to master data analysis, digital tools, strategy and practical applications in their chosen field.

For example, a B.S. in Marketing often includes courses on digital marketing analytics, SEO and campaign strategy, making it ideal for students who want to work in tech-driven marketing roles.

Choose a B.A. if you want a broader, more humanities-focused approach.

B.A. degrees focus more on theory, creativity and soft skills like communication, critical thinking and cultural awareness. They're a good choice for students interested in creative careers, public service or education that values a broad understanding of human behavior and societal impact.

For instance, a B.A. in Communications would emphasize media theory, public speaking and writing for different audiences—perfect for a career in journalism, PR or community outreach.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Between a B.S. and a B.A. Degree

Career Goals

Career aspirations should play a significant role in choosing between a B.S. and a B.A. degree. Dr. McCombs acknowledges the importance of this, advising that:

"The most important part of the decision is related to what the learner will want to do in the field. If they seek a job or a graduate degree in a STEM discipline, then they might prefer the Bachelor of Science over the Bachelor of Arts. If they are seeking humanities or social science graduate degree programs or a position that is more broadly demanding of critical thinking and group dynamics than specific technical skills, then the learner might prefer the Bachelor of Arts degree."

This guidance highlights the importance of aligning degree choices with future aspirations for both academic and professional success.

Personal Interests and Strengths

Choosing the right degree also involves considering interests and strengths.

Dr. McCombs explains, "The reality is that the field matters more than the type of degree at this academic level. There might be some employers that would emphasize this more than others, but some majors include an option for a B.A. or a B.S. with the only distinguishable differences being in the number of electives and a language requirement."

With this in mind, students should carefully evaluate their personal inclinations to make sure that their chosen degree aligns with their abilities and long-term goals.

Leveraging Internships and Extracurricular Activities

Regardless of the degree type, gaining practical experience through internships and extracurricular activities can enhance employability.  
Hands-on experience often makes a significant difference when applying for jobs after graduation, as it shows competency and real-world value. 

In this way, participating in relevant internships, attending networking events and joining clubs or organizations can help students build connections and develop skills that are applicable in real-world settings.

Take the Next Step in Your Education

Discover how ÂÜÀòµºapp’s online bachelor's degree programs can help you achieve your goals. With flexible online options, career-focused curricula and a commitment to helping students achieve their goals, it's the ideal choice for those looking to advance their education.

Explore the wide range of programs available and request more information to learn how Franklin can help you achieve your aspirations. Or, if you're ready to make your next move, you can

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